Bauxite residue issues: I. Current management, disposal and storage
• High temperature, high pressure environment which alters the elemental and mineralogical make-up of the original bauxite particles into bauxite residues • Nature Xiaofei Li & Xuewei Yang Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 109,209–214 ( 2022) Cite this article 725 Accesses 4 Citations Metrics Comprehensive Application Technology of Bauxite Residue
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Production of Bauxite in India, 2017 2025 (Thousand Tonnes)
Impact of COVID-19 on Global bauxite mining . Global bauxite production grew by a significant percentage in 2020, supported by higher production from the world’s second This paper critically reviews the disposal practices and utilization of bauxite residue in India and abroad. It assesses the data of Indian alumina refineries regarding Disposal Practices and Utilization of Red Mud (Bauxite Residue
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Review on treatment and utilization of bauxite residues in
However, the production of alumina can also lead to serious environmental problems. The bauxite residue (red mud) is the main by-product generated in alumina Selective and efficient valorization of bauxite residue can address supply chain bottleneck. Abstract Bauxite residue (BR), simultaneously an environmental Assessment of bauxite residue as secondary resource for rare
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A review of the characterization and revegetation of bauxite residues
Bauxite residue (Red mud) is produced in alumina plants by the Bayer process in which Al-containing minerals are dissolved in hot NaOH. The global residue Paul N. Humphreys ,, and [email protected] Bauxite residue is a high volume byproduct of alumina manufacture which is commonly disposed of in purpose-built bauxite residue Sustained Bauxite Residue Rehabilitation with Gypsum and
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(PDF) Sustained Bauxite Residue Rehabilitation with
untreated bauxite residue was ∼ 900 mg kg − 1 of bauxite residue, and with exception of concentrations at the surface and at 50 cm there was little variation with depth ( Figure 1,SI Table S2 ).The results of a laboratory investigation for the reduction of bauxite residue’s permeability, when mixed with certain additives, are presented and discussed in the current work. Based on bauxite residue, nine mixtures were created using fly ash, bentonite, and cement, in 5, 10, and 15% by weight. According to the performed Utilization of Bauxite Residue as a Liner: Permeability
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Microbially-driven strategies for bioremediation of bauxite residue
In 2013, 259 Mt of bauxite was mined globally, the largest production being from Australia [1] (Fig. 1).For every metric tonne of aluminum metal produced from bauxite, 2 t of bauxite residue (also referred to as red mud or alumina refining tailings) are generated [2].After more than 110 years of commercial aluminum production, bauxite residue Bauxite residue is the by-productgenerated by the extractionof alumina from bauxite ore via the Bayer process (i.e. using concentrated sodium hydroxide at high temperature and pressure) and is typically highly alkaline, saline, and sodic and may contain trace elements at elevated levels (Power et al. 2011). The alumina industry produces Soil quality and vegetation performance indicators for
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Assessment of Bauxite Residue for Reclamation Purposes
To develop a more benign materials production route and encourage reuse of bauxite residue produced in the Bayer process, this study aimed to recover the alkali and alumina fractions from bauxite residue by using a novel calcification–carbonization (C–C) method. The obtained dealkalized and dealuminized residue (C–C residue) was then Bauxite residue (BR), simultaneously an environmental challenge as well as known to be a secondary resource for resources various valuable metals like Ti, V, Ga, and rare earth metal (REM).(PDF) Assessment of bauxite residue as secondary resource
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Technospheric Mining of Rare Earth Elements from Bauxite Residue
About 0.7–2 tons of bauxite residue is generated for each ton of alumina produced 11, and the annual global production of bauxite residue is about 140 million tons 12, while 2.7 × 10 9 tonsScandium is one of the most valuable rare-earth elements, and its extraction is centralized in China. For this reason, the search for new scandium sources is required to supply the demand. Bauxite residue is considered a secondary scandium resource. It has estimated around 4 billion tons of bauxite residue worldwide with 20–200 Extraction of Scandium from Critical Elements-Bearing
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Recovery of Gallium from Bauxite Residue Using Combined
Bauxite residue, the byproduct of alumina production, may potentially be a valuable source of strategically important metals, e.g. Gallium. Ga is considered critical element for the EU. To ensure adequate supply of Ga for the future, secondary sources such as bauxite residue should be exploited with efficient extraction methods. Therefore, in Bauxite residues (also known as ‘red mud’, ‘Bayer process tailings’ or ‘bauxite process tailings’) are generated from alumina production where bauxite is digested in hot NaOH solution via the Bayer process. 22 The production of 1 tonne of alumina generates between 1 and 1.5 tonnes of bauxite residue. 23 Currently, the yearly globalRe‐using bauxite residues: benefits beyond (critical raw)
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Proposal for management and alkalinity transformation
Bauxite residue (red mud) is an alkaline solid generated dur-ing the process of alumina production. The accumulative in-ventory of bauxite residue reached an estimated 0.6 billion tons with an annual growth of more than 70 million tons in China, and currently, almost all bauxite residue is stored on land (Xue et al. 2016). Bauxites alkalineIntroduction. Bauxite residue or red mud is a major by-product of the aluminium industry, with an annual global production of 150 million t (Evans 2016) and a total inventory of 2.7 billion t (Binnemans et al. 2013).The current best practice in the industry is disposal in engineered bauxite residue disposal areas or BRDA, increasingly Vanadium removal and recovery from bauxite residue
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Novel Approach for Enhanced Scandium and Titanium
Bauxite residue (BR) is the by-product of the Bayer process with 108.7~163.1 million tons of global production as reported in 2015 6,7. This highly alkaline (pH = 10–12.5) by-product, consideredTo this aspect, alternative resources of REEs are globally sought and bauxite residues have been considered as one of the potential sources that can contribute to supply REEs, if properly exploited. Recently, the European Commission (EC) has identified and updated the list of CRMs i.e. from 27 in 2017 to 30 in 2020.Biotechnological trends and market impact on the
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(PDF) Recovery of Gallium from Bauxite Residue Using
Fig. 7 Morphology and chemical composition of bauxite residue (a) and post residue (b) detected by SEM–EDS (10.0 kV, 17.5 mm, ×3.00 k) (Color figure online) Journal of Sustainable MetallurgyAbstract Cement, the most used building material amounts to an annual world production of 3.5 Gt. Sulfobelite cements, SB, require lower kiln temperature and emit less CO2, compared to Ordinary Portland cement, OPC. The main difference of SB from OPC is the reduction of alite (CaO)3SiO2, the increase of belite (CaO)2SiO2 and the Valorization of FGD and Bauxite Residue in Sulfobelite Cement
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Neutralization and Improvement of Bauxite Residue by
Keywords: bauxite residue; neutralization; improvement; bacteria; Bacillus sp. 1. Introduction Bauxite residue (BR) is an alkaline and saline bauxite processing waste, which is generated in the process of alumina production [1–3]. About 2 tons of BR is generated when 1 ton of alumina is produced, and then the BR are pumped to bauxite Bauxite residue (BR) is a kind of alkaline solid waste generated from the alumina refining industry ( Zhu et al., 2016a; Liu et al., 2007; Khairul et al., 2019; Zhang et al., 2016 ). Bauxite residue is also known as red mud, which is named because it is mostly red silty for containing a certain amount of iron oxide ( Aluminium, 2015 ).Dealkalization processes of bauxite residue: A comprehensive review
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Extraction and Utilization of Valuable Elements from
The enrichment of scandium and uranium in bauxite residue by ion exchange was studied in Russia (Smirnov and Molchanova 1997), and the ion exchange resins used were AFI-21 and AFI-22. The bauxite residue was rst leached with sulfuric acid, and the optimal ratio of acid consumption to bauxite residue was 0.3–0.4 g per gramThe pH of the bauxite residue ranged from 8.70 ± 0.34–11.90 ± 0.01, with the highest value in fresh samples and the lowest in Pr100 (Fig. 2a, Table S1). The EC of the bauxite residue ranged from 0.29 ± 0.15 mS/cm to 2.53 ± 0.04 mS/cm, and again, fresh samples showed the highest value and Pr100 the lowest (Fig. 2a, Table S1).Contrasted microbial community colonization of a bauxite residue
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